The UK Babe Channels Forum

August 28th

1910 - Balkans: Montenegro declares full independence from the Ottoman Empire under King Nicholas I.

1911 - Britain: A record-breaking heat wave with temperatures of up to 97 degrees sends Britain's death rate soaring, with a mortality rate for all ages of 19 per 1,000.

1917 - Washington: President Woodrow Wilson rejects Pope Benedict XV's proposals for peace.

1919 - Germany: A Polish backed uprising in Upper Silesia is crushed by German troops.

1931 - Britain: Ramsey MacDonald is ousted as Labour leader. He is succeeded by Arthur Henderson.

1934 - London: Prince George of Kent agrees to marry Princess Marina of Greece, making her the first foreign bride for a British prince this century.

1935 - Italy: In the dispute over Abyssinia, Mussolini announces it must be settled by force of arms, not negotiations.

1936 - Britain: Derbyshire win the county cricket championship for the first time in 62 years.

1939 - London: The Admiralty close the Baltic and the Mediterranean to British merchant shipping.

1945 - China: Mao Tse-tung arrives at Chungking for talks with Chiang Kai-shek to try to avert a civil war.

1952 - London: Harold Macmillan consents to council tenants buying their houses.

1954 - Detroit: Arnold Palmer wins the US Amateur Golf Championship.

1956 - Cairo: Egypt's Colonel Nasser expels two British envoys on spying charges.

1961 - Britain: The earliest examples of roman mosaics are discovered at Fishbourne.

1967 - London: Herbert Bowden is appointed chairman of the Independent Television Authority.

1972 - Britain: Prince William of Gloucester is killed in an air race.

1973 - USSR: Princess Anne becomes the first member of the Royal Family to visit the country.

1974 - Britain: Liberal leader Jeremy Thorpe begins his election campaign by hovercraft.

1977 - London: The Annual Notting Hill Carnival is marred by muggings, looting and violence.

1981 - Kenya: Paul Nakwale Ekai is found guilty of murdering "Born Free" author Joy Adamson in January 1980.

1983 - Beirut: US troops return fire for the first time when they come under attack in fighting near Beirut airport.

1988 - West Germany: 33 people are killed when an Italian air force jet crashes at an air show in Ramstein.

1996 - London: In stark contrast to the lavish ceremony that surrounded their 1981 wedding, the marriage between the Prince and Princess of Wales ends in subdued fashion for a fee of £20, after the Queen herself demanded that the marriage be terminated as quickly and cleanly as possible.

1998 - USSR: Boris Yeltsin announces he will see out his full term in office after sacking the members of his five month-old cabinet following fears over the Russian Economy.

2003 - Britain: An electricity blackout cuts off power to around 500,000 people living in the South-East of England, and brings 60% of London's Tube network to a standstill.

2006 - Iraq: Several people are killed in an explosion at a disused pipeline near Diwaniya, while they are scavaging for petrol.

August 28 1963

During a large political rally in Washington, D.C., Martin Luther King, Jr. delivered his "I Have a Dream" speech from the steps of the Lincoln Memorial, describing his desire for a future where blacks and whites would coexist harmoniously as equals.

In Context
The Rev Martin Luther King spearheaded the campaign against segregation and racial discrimination in the United States.
But his crusade was cut dramatically short, when he was assassinated on 4 April 1968 in the southern US city of Memphis, Tennessee, aged 39.

He was shot in the neck by a rifle bullet as he stood on a balcony from where he was to lead a march of sanitation workers protesting against low wages and poor working conditions

James Earl Ray was convicted of his murder and sentenced to 99 years in prison.

But he later retracted his confession and said he had been only a minor player in a conspiracy.

However, his appeals for a new trial were rejected and he died in prison in 1998.

August 29th

1902 - Egypt: A Cholera epidemic results in the deaths of 5,540 people.

1907 - Quebec: 80 people drown when a section of the new bridge across the St Lawrence River collapses.

1911 - Plymouth: German officer Phil Max Schultz is committed for trial for spying under the new Official Secrets Act.

1922 - Turkey: The Turks launch a major offensive against the Greeks to recover land lost after the great war.

1926 - Germany: Nuremberg hosts a major National Socialist party rally.

1929 - USA: The airship Graf Zeppelin completes an historic around the world trip in 21 days, 7 hours, and 26 mins, when landing at Lakehurst, New Jersey.

1931 - London: Mahatma Gandhi arrives in Britain to attend the second Round Table conference on India.

1937 - China: The Chinese government signs a non-aggression pact with the USSR.

1940 - Egypt: Italian aircraft begin bombing the Suez Canal.

1941 - Estonia: The Germans capture the capital Tallin.

1944 - France: Nine French German collaborators are shot outside a Roman amphitheatre in southern France.

1946 - New York: The UN Security Council votes to admit Sweden, Iceland, and Afghanistan.

1948 - London: Special Branch and MI5 uncover an explosives cache, believed to belong to the Jewish Irgun terrorist group.

1953 - Britain: The latest British tank, the "Carnarvon" begins test trials.

1954 - Switzerland: Roger Bannister wins the 1,500 gold medal at the European Games.

1962 - Paris: Charles de Gaulle announces plans to change the French constitution to permit direct presidential elections.

1965 - USA: The space capsule Gemini V splashes down after 8 days in space.

1967 - USA: Ex-child film star Shirley Temple Black, announces she is standing for congress.

1973 - USA: Richard Nixon refuses a court order to hand over tapes of White House conversations.

1974 - Britain: An illegal pop festival at Windsor witness an eight hour battle between hippies and police.

1982 - Britain: American Ashby Harper, 65, becomes the oldest person to swim the channel.

1992 - Germany: Thousands of people demonstrate against a wave of racist attacks aimed at immigrants.

1994 - London: For the first time shops open legally on a Sunday, and thousands of people respond enthusiastically throughout Britain.

1995 - Georgia: The Georgian leader Eduard Shevardnadze survives a car-bomb assassination attempt in Tbilisi.

2003 - USA: Surgeons in Baltimore, Maryland, remove a woman's heart, rebuild its upper chamber from bovine and human tissue, and successfully reinstall it her body.

2006 - Britain: South West trains begin a series of one-day strikes over claims that unqualified company managers were allowed to drive trains.

2008 - Germany: Energy group E-On cuts 1,800 jobs as it closes two-thirds of its domestic service centres across Germany.

2010 - Los Angeles: "Mad Men" wins the Emmy for outstanding Drama series, at the 62nd Primetime Emmy awards at the Nokia Theatre.

August 30th

1907 - Vienna: Woman are allowed to be lecturers and assistants in universities and hospitals on the same terms as men.

1909 - Mexico: Around 1,400 people are feared dead after a week of floods in the city of Monterrey.

1915 - Russia: The great fortress of Brestlitvosk falls to the Germans.

1924 - USA: Six people are killed in clashes with the Ku Klux Klan at Herrin, Illinois.

1926 - London: Cricketer Jack Hobbs scores the highest ever individual innings at Lord's of 316.

1930 - Britain: Car maker Morris announce their new 14.9 hp Morris Major, costing £215.

1932 - Berlin: Nazi Hermann Goering is elected president of the Reichstag.

1933 - France: The French Airline Air France is created.

1936 - Britain: The Queen Mary, Britain's super-liner reaches Bishops Rock in the Scilly Isles from New York in a record of 3 days 23 hours and 57 mins.

1937 - New York: Joe Louis beats Britain's Tommy Farr in his first heavyweight title defence at Madison Square Garden.

1939 - Paris: With War looming 16,000 children are evacuated from the city.

1942 - Egypt: Rommel launches a new offensive in Africa.

1952 - Britain: The four-engine delta wing jet bomber the Avro "Vulcan" makes its maiden flight.

1957 - Malaya: 170 years of British Rule in Malaya comes to an end.

1958 - Nottingham: 36 people are charged after police clash with around 500 "Teddy Boys".

1966 - Peking: China pledges more aid to Ho Chi Minh's government.

1968 - Washington: President Lyndon Johnson warns the USSR against intervention in Rumania.

1970 - Amman: The Jordanian Army launch an attack on guerrillas forces in the capital.

1982 - London: Screen Goddess and Oscar winning actress Ingrid Bergman dies at her Chelsea flat on her 67th birthday from cancer.

1988 - Britain: Junior Environment minister Virginia Bottomley, bans the toxic waste-laden vessel Karin B from landing in Britain.

1989 - Northern Ireland: Loyalist groups allege to have received leaks on IRA suspects from security forces.

1990 - Britain: Petrol prices rise to 225.9p a gallon.

1993 - New York: Briton Mark Nyman wins the World Scrabble Championship.

1995 - Sarajevo: As a response to the Bosnian Serb shelling of Sarajevo, NATO warplanes carry out a retaliatory bombing raid on Bosnian Serb positions.

1996 - Tripoli: Controversial US Nation of Islam leader Louis Farakhan accepts a Human Rights award from the Libyan government.

1998 - Belgium: Damon Hill wins the Belgium Grand Prix.

2006 - Britain: The UK government announces plans to make the possession of violent pornographic images illegal, and punishable by up to three years in prison.

2009 - Israel: Ehud Olmert is indicted on three counts of corruption, becoming the first Israeli PM to face criminal charges.

August 31st

1912 - London: Four men are shot and twenty are hurt in clashes between union and non-union members as dockers return to work after strike action.

1914 - Russia: St Petersburg is renamed Petrograd.

1915 - Eastern Front: Germany and Austria partition Poland.

1916 - Britain: British war casualties for August total around 127,000, equalling one-fifth of total war deaths.

1918 - London: Chaos reigns in the capital as the London Police force go on strike for the first time.

1919 - South Africa: General Jan Smuts succeeds Louis Botha as Prime Minister.

1926 - Britain: Lancashire win the county cricket championship for the first time since 1904.

1931 - China: Thousands of people are killed and left homeless after a damburst on the rain swollen River Yangtse-Kiang.

1935 - Washington: Roosevelt signs the Neutrality Bill, banning arms sales to countries at war.

1939 - London: The Army and RAF reserves are called up, and the Royal Navy is mobilised.

1941 - USSR: The Red Army launches a German counter-offensive on the River Dnieper.

1946 - Nuremberg: The War Crimes trial ends, with only the Nazi governor of Poland Hans Frank, pleading guilty of atrocities.

1951 - West Germany: Deutsche Grammophon launches the first 33 rpm "Long-Playing" record.

1955 - Cairo: Egypt accepts a UN cease-fire in their border dispute with Israel.

1958 - London: 13 arrests are made after a second night of fighting between white and black youths in Notting Hill.

1962 - Trinidad and Tobago: The islands become an independent nation within the British Commonwealth.

1967 - Britain: The three-day hippy-esque "Festival of the Flower Children" ends.

1972 - Munich: American swimmer Mark Spitz takes home five Olympic gold medals.

1977 - Rhodesia: Ian Smith wins the general election with 80% of the overwhelmingly white electorate's vote.

1983 - Beirut: Two American Marines and three French soldiers are killed in factional fighting as peace keeping forces are increasingly sucked into the Beirut maelstrom.

1988 - Poland: Lech Walesa calls for miners, and shipyard and transport workers to end their strikes.

1989 - Britain: Princess Anne and Captain Mark Phillips announce their marriage separation.

1994 - Northern Ireland: After a quarter of a century of bombing and shooting and the deaths of more than 3,000 people, the Ira announce a complete cessation of military operations.

1998 - Moscow: The Russian parliament rejects Boris Yeltsin's preferred candidate for prime minister Viktor Chernomyrdin by a vote of 253 to 94.

2004 - Moscow: A female suicide bomber kills 10 people and injures 51 others near a subway station in the city.

2006 - Britain: The future of UK model manufacturer Airfix founded in 1939, comes into question after its parent company Humbrol goes into financial collapse.

2009 - Britain: The Government announces that Britain faces widespread power cuts and rationing of energy in 2019 for the first time since the 1970's.

September Ist

1833 - New York City: Benjamin Day launches the New York Sun newspaper, aimed at the mass market and selling at a price everyone can afford, costing one cent.

1851 - Cuba: The Venezuelan-born Narcisco Lopez is garrotted for leading an invasion force into Cuba with the aim of overthrowing the Spanish.

1876 - Serbia: The Ottomans inflict another decisive defeat on the Serbs at Aleksinac.

1882 - Austria: The German National Association is founded. It calls for an aggressive pan-Germany policy and for workers to be incorporated into co-operatives.

1900 - South Africa: General Lord Roberts annexes the Boer republic of Transvaal.

1904 - USA: Helen Keller, deaf and blind since the age of two, graduates with honours from Radcliffe College.

1911 - France: Women launch attacks on fruit and veg shops as part of riots against high food prices.

1913 - Paris: Aviator Louis Bleriot performs the first loop-the-loop.

1916 - Balkans: Rumanian troops defeat the Austrians at Orsova.

1923 - Japan: A huge earthquake devastates Tokyo and Yokohama.

1924 - West Indies: A hurricane ravages the Virgin Islands leaving 80 people feared dead.

1929 - Berlin: A bomb explodes outside the Reichstag building, no people are hurt in the blast.

1931 - London: The first night of trial floodlighting of important buildings causes traffic chaos as sightseers pour into the capital.

1934 - USA: 400,000 textile workers come out on strike across the country.

1938 - Rome: Benito Mussolini expels all Jews who entered Italy after 1918.

1939 - Poland: German troops invade Poland at 5.45am, beginning the onset of World War II.

1944 - France: Allied Troops capture Dieppe and Arras and reach the reach the Belgium border.

1945 - Hong Kong: British troops take over control of the colony.

1950 - Korea: The North Koreans launch an offensive on UN troops along a 50 mile front.

1955 - Buenos Aries: Juan Peron puts the city under a state of siege as students begin rioting.

1959 - Britain: Yorkshire win the county cricket championship ending Surrey's seven-year winning streak.

1967 - Khartoum: An Arab summit lifts the oil embargo on western states imposed during the Six-day War.

1968 - London: The first part of the £80 million Victoria Line is opened between Walthamstow and Highbury.

1971 - Britain: Id. and 3d. coins cease to be legal tender.

1973 - Atlantic: The world's deepest undersea rescue frees two Britons trapped inside the mini-submarine Pisces III.

1975 - Egypt: Israel and Egypt reach an interim accord, orchestrated by Henri Kissinger, on the Israeli withdrawal from Sinai.

1976: Britain: Around 750,000 homes in Yorkshire have their water mains supply replaced with communal standpipes.

1981 - Britain: Garages begin selling petrol by the litre.

1982 - Washington: The US announces it will ease sanctions against countries helping to build the Siberian oil pipeline.

1983 - Britain: Ian MacGregor takes over as chairman of the National Coal Board.

1990 - Nottingham: Prince Charles undergoes a hip-bone graft on to his right arm, broken in a polo match in July.

1995 - Sarajevo: NATO air strikes against the Bosnian-Serbs are suspended for 24 hours to accelerate peace talks in Belgrade.

2004 - Iran: Iran informs the International Atomic Energy Agengy that it plans to convert 37 tons of Yellowcake Uranium into Uranium Hexafloride, estimated to be enough for five nuclear weapons.

2009 - Malaysia: Alain Roberts scales tower two of the PETRONAS Towers in Kuala Lumpur, using no safety equipment.

2010 - Baltic Sea: Archaeologists discover 200 year-old bottles of beer in a shipwreck south of the Aland Islands, which are believed to be the world's oldest.

September 2nd

1790 - Paris: Around 45,000 people march in protest at the massacre of mutineers in Nancy.

1858 - Atlantic: The first transatlantic telegraph cable - running from the USA to Britain via Newfoundland - breaks down only 28 days after going into operation.

1898 - Sudan: Sir Herbert Kitchener leads the British to victory over the Mahdists at Omdurman and captures Khartoum.

1905 - Russia: The country suffers it's worst famine since 1891.

1906 - Alaska: Roald Amundsen completes the North- West Passage route round Canada.

1910 - UK: 10,000 Welsh miners come out of strike in sympathy with the dockers.

1915 - Turkey: The Royal Navy sinks four Turkish transport ships in the Dardanelles.

1916 - Washington: The Senate passes a bill introducing eight-hour working days.

1920 - New York: 3,000 dock workers refuse to unload British vessels until the UK takes it's troops out of Ireland.

1926 - China: Chiang Kai-shek launches an offensive aimed at capturing Hankow.

1937 - Switzerland: Britain's Sir Malcolm Campbell's "Blubird" sets a new world water speed record of 129mph at Lake Maggiore.

1940 - Berlin: The Germans order France to pay 400 million francs (£2.3 million) to maintain their occupying troops.

1942 - USSR: The Germans reach the Volga, north of Stalingrad.

1952 - London: Field Marshal Sir William Slim is appointed Governor-General of Australia.

1959 - Laos: The Communist rebel group Pathet Lao launches an offensive against the Laotian government.

1963 - USA: Alabama state troopers are ordered to seal off Tuskagee High School to halt Integration of pupils.

1966 - UK: Yorkshire become county cricket champions.

1968 - Iran: At least 11,000 people are reported to have been killed by earthquakes that hit the country over a two day period.

1971 - Belfast: 39 people are hurt in six bomb blasts; the headquarters of the Unionist Party is wrecked.

1976 - UK: Percy Shaw the man who invented the reflector studs in the middle of the road known as "Cats Eyes" dies aged 86.

1986 - USSR: 400 people are feared dead when a Soviet liner sinks in the Black Sea.

1987 - London: The government launches a new, more explicit campaign warning on AIDS.

1995 - London: Frank Bruno defeats American Oliver McCall to take the WBC World Heavyweight title.

2004 - London: Two security guards at MI5's headquarters in the capital are attacked by a man with a machete.

2009 - Malaysia: The government reverses a ruling which had banned muslim's from attending a Black Eyed Peas concert in Kuala Lumpur.

(02-09-2013 10:24 )4evadionne Wrote: [ -> ]September 2nd

1937 - Switzerland: Britain's Sir Malcolm Campbell's "Blubird" sets a new world water speed record of 129mph at Lake Maggiore.

I was going to say that that "word" is not allowed on the forum, but then I noticed that the "e" is missing, so its ok.

Football

Bill Shankly

William (Bill) Shankly, the son of John and Barbara Shankly, was born at the mining village of Glenbuck in Scotland on 2nd September, 1913. Bill had four brothers (John, Bob, Jimmy and Alec) and five sisters (Netta, Elizabeth, Isobel, Barbara and Jean).Although most of the men living in the village worked as miners, John Shankly was a tailor. People living in Glenbuckwere strong trade unionists and during his youth Bill Shankly developed socialistbeliefs. "The socialism I believe in is not really politics. It is a way of living. It is humanity. I believe the only way to live and to be truly successful is by collective effort, with everyone working for each other, everyone helping each other, and everyone having a share of the rewards at the end of the day."Bill Shankly's mother was very interested in football. Her two brothers, Robert Blythand and William Blyth, both moved to England to play professional football. Both became involved in the administration of football with Robert being appointed chairman of Portsmouth and William was director of Carlisle United for many years.Bill Shankly attended the local village school: "We played football in the playground, of course, and sometimes we got a game with another school, but we never had an organized school team. It was too small a school. If we played another school we managed to get some kind of strip together, but we played in our shoes."Shankly left school at 14 and like the other boys in the village went to work at theGlenbuck Colliery. As he later recalled: "My wages would be no more than two shillings and sixpence a day. My job was to empty the trucks when they came up full of coal and send them back down the pit again and to sort out the stones from the coal on a conveyer-belt... After about six months working at the pit top, a job that was active but not heavy, I went down to the pit bottom. The coal mines and pits were the first places to have electricity, before people had it in their houses, and the pit was like Piccadilly Circus. First I would shift full trucks and put them into the cages and then take out the empty trucks and run them along to where they were loaded."Shankly played junior football for for Cronberry Eglinton. In 1932 a scout working for Carlisle United, saw Shankly play and arranged for him to join the club. Like his four brothers, John Shankly, Bob Shankly, Jimmy Shankly and Alec Shankly, Bill was now a professional footballer. As he later pointed out in his autobiography,Shankly: "All the boys became professional footballers and once, when we were all at our peaks, we could have beaten any five brothers in the world." In fact, despite only having a population of less than a 1,000 people, the village produced near fifty professional footballers in a sixty year period.Shankly was transferred to Preston North End for £500 in 1933. A teetotaler, non-smoker and fitness fanatic, this very energetic 20 year old, formed a great partnership with former English international, Robert Kelly. In the 1933-34 season Kelly and Shankly helped the club win promotion to the First Division.Kelly, now aged 41, was considered too old for First Division football and was allowed to become player manager at Carlisle United. Preston signed another veteran,Ted Critchley, to replace Kelly. Other players brought in that year includedJimmy Maxwell (Kilmarnock) and Jimmy Dougal (Falkirk). In the 1934-35 season Preston finished 11th in the league. Maxwell, who played at centre-forward, was the club's leading scorer with 26 league and cup goals.The following season Preston North Endpersuaded the Scottish international, Tom Smith, to join the club. Other signings that year included the brothers, Hugh O'Donnell and Francis O'Donnell, fromCeltic.In the 1935-36 season, Preston finished 7th in the league. Jimmy Maxwell was again top scorer with 19 goals in all competitions. Shankly, a powerful wing half, had emerged as the most important player in the team. He rarely missed a game and helped Preston North End reach the 1937 FA Cup Final against Sunderlandat Wembley. Francis O'Donnell scored in the first-half but with Raich Carter in top form, Sunderland responded by scoring three in reply.At the beginning of the next season, Preston made two important signings. In September, 1937, Preston purchased the high scoring George Mutch, fromManchester United for £5,000. The following month, Robert Beattie a skillful inside forward, arrived from Kilmarnock for a fee of £2,500. They joined fellow Scotsmen, Bill Shankly, Jimmy Dougal,Andrew Beattie, Jimmy Maxwell, Tom Smith, Hugh O'Donnell, Francis O'Donnelland Andrew McLaren.In the 1937-38 season Preston North End(49 points) finished 3rd in the First Division of the Football League behindArsenal (52) and Wolverhampton Wanderers (51). Preston also had another successful run in the 1937-38 FA Cup. Preston beat West Ham United in the 3rd round with George Mutch scored a hat trick. Mutch also scored goals in the 4th round against Leicester City and in the semi-final when Preston beat Aston Villa 2-1.In the FA Cup Final Preston playedHuddersfield Town. This was the first time that a whole match was shown live ontelevision. Even so, far more people watched the game in the stadium as only around 10,000 people at the time owned television sets. No goals were scored during the first 90 minutes and so extra-time was played. In the last minute of extra-time, Bill Shankly put George Mutchthrough on goal. Alf Young, Huddersfield's centre-half, brought him down from behind and the referee had no hesitation in pointing to the penalty spot. Mutch was injured in the tackle but after receiving treatment he got up and scored via the crossbar. It was the only goal in the game and Shankly won a cup winners' medal.
Shankly had a magnificent season and on 9th April, 1938 he won his firstinternational cap when he played forScotland against England at Wembley. Also in the Scottish team were Preston colleagues, George Mutch, Andrew Beattie,Tom Smith and Francis O'Donnell. Scotland won 1-0 with Mutch scoring the only goal of the game. Later that season, two other Preston players, Jimmy Dougaland Robert Beattie, were called up to play for Scotland.Shankly also played for Scotland againstNorthern Ireland (October, 1938), Wales(November, 1938), Hungary (December, 1938) and England (April, 1939). Shankly's international career was interrupted by the outbreak of the Second World War. Games in the Football League were brought to an end as the government imposed a fifty mile travelling limit. However, the clubs were divided into seven regional areas where games could take place. In the 1940-1941 season Preston North End needed to win their last game against Liverpool to win the North Regional League title. The nineteen year old Andrew McLaren scored all six goals in the 6-1 victory.
Preston North End also took part in the 1941 Football League War Cup. The teenage Andrew McLaren scored five of the goals in Preston's 12-1 victory over Tranmere. He also scored a hat-trick in the fourth-round tie against Manchester City. Preston reached the final by beatingNewcastle United 2-0. The Preston team that faced Arsenal at Wembley on 31st May was: Jack Fairbrother, Frank Gallimore, William Scott, Bill Shankly, Tom Smith, Andrew Beattie, Tom Finney,Andrew McLaren, Jimmy Dougal, Robert Beattie and Hugh O'Donnell.The game took place in front of a 60,000 crowd. Arsenal was awarded a penalty after only three minutes but Leslie Compton hit the foot of the post with the spot kick. Soon afterwards Andrew McLaren scored from a pass from Tom Finney. Preston dominated the rest of the match but Dennis Compton managed to get the equaliser just before the end of full-time.The replay took place at Ewood Park, the ground of Blackburn Rovers. The first goal was as a result of a move that includedTom Finney and Jimmy Dougal beforeRobert Beattie put the ball in the net.Frank Gallimore put through his own goal but from the next attack, Beattie scored again. It was the final goal of the game and Preston ended up the winners of the cup.
Bill Shankly retired from playing football in 1948. During his time at Preston North End he scored 14 goals in 337 league and cup games. This included a record 43 successive FA Cup ties.Shankly became the coach of Preston's reserve team but in March, 1949 he agreed to become manager of Carlisle United. The club finished 3rd in the Third Division (North) league in 1950-51. Carlisle had little money to spend and in 1951 he resigned complaining about a lack of resources. It was a similar story at Grimsby Town (1951-54) and Workington (1954-55).In 1956 Shankly became assistant manager under Andrew Beattie at Huddersfield Town, a club that had just been relegated from the First Division of the Football League. Soon after joining the club, Shankly signed the 15 year old Dennis Law. Over the next three years Shankly was involved in keeping Law at the club. This included an offer of £45,000 fromEverton.Shankly did not manage to getHuddersfield Town back into the First Division finishing 12th (1956-57), 9th (1957-58) and 14th (1958-59). In December 1959, Shankly became manager ofLiverpool, another Second Division club trying to get promotion to the top league. Shankly got them into 3rd place in 1959-60. He repeated this in 1960-61, but the following year won the championship with 62 points.
Wilf Mannion was a great advocate of Shankly's man-management: "What I like about Bill is that he never panics. Even when things weren't going so well, he stuck to the same team and gave them a chance to settle down. 'Panic and all is lost,' is one of the Shankly maxims. Everything Bill does is done to plan. Even training is scheduled to a strict timetable. But that doesn't make him a strict disciplinarian. Far from it. He is one of the easiest-going characters I have met. Ask the players. He's always 'Bill' to them. There's no 'Mr' or 'Boss' when he's around. 'Let the players regard you as an equal,' says Bill, 'and you gain just as much respect.' I couldn't agree more."Liverpool finished in a respectable 8th place in their first season back in the First Division. The following season (1963-64) they won the league with their arch-rivals,Everton, finishing in 3rd place. Over the next ten years Liverpool won the league on two more occasions: 1965-66 and 1972-73. They also won the FA Cup in 1971 and 1974.Shankly remained interested in politics and once said: "The socialism I believe in is everybody working for the same goal and everybody having a share in the rewards. That's how I see football, that's how I see life."In July, 1974, Shankly, now 60 years old, decided to retire. He later commented: "It was the most difficult thing in the world, when I went to tell the chairman. It was like walking to the electric chair." He was replaced by Bob Paisley. Soon after he retired Shankly was awarded the OBE.Bill Shankly died of a heart attack on 28th September, 1981.