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Births:

1943 – Chevy Chase, American comedian and actor
1948 – Johnny Ramone, American musician (The Ramones) (d. 2004)
1949 – Sigourney Weaver, American actress
1968 – Leeroy Thornhill, British musician (The Prodigy)
1969 – Julia Ann, American pornographic actress
1969 – Jeremy Davies, American actor
1970 – Matt Damon, American actor
1979 – Paul Burchill, English wrestler
1980 – Nick Cannon, American actor
1980 – Mike Mizanin, American wrestler
1983 – Travis Pastrana, American motor sports competitor
1985 – Bruno Mars, American singer-songwriter
1989 – Armand Traoré, French footballer
1993 – Angus T. Jones, American actor
1997 – Bella Thorne, American actress

1967: Che Guevara 'shot dead'
Marxist revolutionary Ernesto 'Che' Guevara has reportedly been killed during a battle between army troops and guerillas in the Bolivian jungle.
A statement issued by the commander of the Eighth Bolivian Army Division, Colonel Joaquin Zenteno Anaya, said the 39-year-old guerrilla leader was shot dead near the jungle village of Higueras, in the south-east of the country.

Guevara, former right-hand man to Cuban prime minister, Fidel Castro, disappeared from the political scene in April 1965 and his whereabouts have been much debated since.

His death has been reported several times during the past two-and-a-half years, in the Congo and in the Dominican Republic, but has never been proven.

Intellectual force

In his statement, Colonel Anaya said Guevara was one of six guerrillas killed in today's battle. It is understood five Bolivian soldiers were also killed in the clash.

Guevara's body is due to be flown by helicopter to La Paz later today. It is understood that his hands have been amputated for identification purposes.

Argentine-born Che Guevara, an experienced guerrilla leader, was a member of Fidel Castro's "26th of July Movement" which seized power in Cuba in 1959.

He rose quickly through the political ranks, becoming head of the National Bank and ultimately Minister of Industries, and many saw him as the intellectual force behind Castro's government.

But amid rumours of differences with Castro, largely on guerrilla warfare policies, and a desire to further his revolutionary ideals in other parts of Latin America, he resigned in April 1965 and disappeared. Some say he was dismissed although there has never been evidence of this.

It is known he still maintained ties with the Organisation for Latin American Solidarity (OLAS), a group dedicated to "uniting, coordinating and stepping-up the struggle against United States imperialism on the part of all the exploited peoples of Latin America."

His death comes less than two months after an OLAS conference in Havana which highlighted the need for further armed guerrilla action in South America.


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Ernesto 'Che' Guevara was a qualified doctor






In Context
A post mortem examination on Che Guevara's body, carried out two days after his death, suggested he had not in fact been killed in battle but had been captured and executed a day later.
His body was buried in an unmarked grave near Valle Grande and his remains were not found until June 1997, when they were returned to Cuba.

Following his death, Guevara became a hero of Third World socialist revolutionary movements and remains a much-admired romantic figure to this day.

He was born Ernesto Rafael Guevara de la Serna in Rosario, Argentina on 14 June 1928.

As a teenager he was reading left-wing literature, by Marx and Lenin, and frequently took part in riots against the Peronistas in Argentina.

He qualified as a doctor in 1953 but left Argentina soon afterwards to travel around South America, during which time he became involved in many left-wing movements.

Bitterly anti-American, he joined forces with Castro in Mexico in 1956 and was one of 12 survivors of the failed Cuban take-over in the same year.

It was also during 1956 that he married his first wife, Peruvian Hilda Gadea, with whom he had one child, but the couple were divorced soon afterwards.

He escaped to the Sierra Maestra, Cuba's vast mountain range, where he established a guerrilla force and from where the successful take-over in 1959 was co-ordinated.

After the Cuban revolution he married Cuban Aleida Marsh and the couple had four children.


Stories From 9 Oct
1988: Latvia cries freedom from Moscow
1967: Che Guevara 'shot dead'
1975: Man killed in Piccadilly bomb blast
1959: 'Supermac' leads Tories to victory
1991: Sumos size up Royal Albert Hall

1470 - Henry VI of England was restored to the throne after being deposed in 1461. Six months later he was deposed again and then murdered in the Tower of London.

1514 – Marriage of Louis XII of France and Mary Tudor.

1604 – Supernova 1604, the most recent supernova to be observed in the Milky Way.

1804 – Hobart, capital of Tasmania, is founded.

1888 – The Washington Monument officially opens to the general public.

1930 - Aviator Laura Ingalls landed in Glendale, California, in her Moth biplane, thus completing the first solo transcontinental flight by a woman.

1936 – Generators at Boulder Dam (later renamed to Hoover Dam) begin to generate electricity from the Colorado River and transmit it 266 miles to Los Angeles, California.

1940 - A German blitz destroyed the altar of St. Paul's Cathedral in London and left much of the city in flames.

1961 - Britain's youngest ever Conservative MP, Margaret Thatcher, was given her first governmental job.

1963 – In northeast Italy, over 2,000 people are killed when a large landslide behind the Vajont Dam causes a giant wave of water to overtop it.

1967 – A day after being captured, Marxist revolutionary Ernesto "Che" Guevara is executed for attempting to incite a revolution in Bolivia.

1989 – An official news agency in the Soviet Union reports the landing of a UFO in Voronezh.

1991 - The first Sumo wrestling tournament ever held off Japanese soil in the sport's 1500 year history began 'on this day' , at the Royal Albert Hall.

1992 – A 13 kilogram (est.) fragment of the Peekskill meteorite lands in the driveway of the Knapp residence in Peekskill, New York, destroying the family's 1980 Chevrolet Malibu.

1997 - The campaign to ban landmines, a cause made popular by Diana, Princess of Wales before her death, was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize.

2006 – North Korea allegedly tests its first nuclear device.

2010 - A ticket bought in the UK won a record £113m on the Euromillions lottery draw, according to UK operator Camelot.

1881 - The Savoy Theatre, the first public building to be lit by electricity, opened with a performance of Gilbert and Sullivan's 'Patience'.

1886 - The dinner jacket made its U.S. debut at a ball in Tuxedo Park, New York. It was named tuxedo, after its venue. It was designed by Griswold Lorillard.

1911 – The Wuchang Uprising leads to the demise of Qing Dynasty, the last Imperial court in China, and the founding of the Republic of China.

1913 - The U.S.-built Panama Canal was completed with the explosion of the Gamboa Dike, concluding one of the largest construction projects in history.

1935 – A coup d'état by the royalist leadership of the Greek Armed Forces takes place in Athens. It overthrows the government of Panagis Tsaldaris and establishes a regency under Georgios Kondylis, effectively ending the Second Hellenic Republic.

1961 - The entire population of the South Atlantic island of Tristan da Cunha was evacuated to the United Kingdom after a volcano erupted.

1967 – The Outer Space Treaty, signed on January 27 by more than sixty nations, comes into force.

1970 - After nearly a century of British rule, Fiji became independent.

1996 - A Scottish fisherman found a message in a bottle. It had been thrown in the North Sea in 1914 as part of an experiment to chart currents.

Births:

1946 – Chris Tarrant, English TV presenter
1954 – David Lee Roth, American singer (Van Halen)
1961 – Martin Kemp, British musician (Spandau Ballet) and actor
1965 – Chris Penn, American actor (d. 2006)
1966 – Tony Adams, English footballer
1970 – Dean Kiely, Irish footballer
1973 – Mario López, American actor
1978 – Jodi Lyn O'Keefe, American actress
1981 – Una Healy, Irish singer (The Saturdays)
1987 – Colin Slade, New Zealand rugby player
1989 – Aimee Teegarden, American actress
1991 – Gabriella Cilmi, Australian singer
1991 – Xherdan Shaqiri, Swiss footballer


Deaths:

2004 – Christopher Reeve, American actor (b. 1952)
2009 – Stephen Gately, Irish singer (Boyzone) (b. 1976)

1982: Mary Rose rises after 437 years
The Mary Rose, flagship of King Henry VIII, has been raised to the surface after 437 years at the bottom of the Solent.

The long-anticipated £4 million operation, twice postponed, was beset by technical problems with the complicated salvaging apparatus and floating cradle.

But the ship's skeletal remains of mud-caked timber were in the end successfully re-floated and experts can now begin the long process of restoring the Mary Rose in a dry dock in Portsmouth.

A flotilla of boats had gathered off Portsmouth on the south coast of England to witness the occasion.

With the ship already suspended underneath a lifting frame, today's work required raising the wreck in a specially crafted air-cushioned cradle.

Historic moment

Lifting of the wreck from its location at 50 feet below sea level began at 0700 local time and within two hours the first jagged edges of timber had broken the surface.

A cannon was fired from the ramparts of Southsea Castle to signal the historic moment.

Yet just before midday one of the pins holding the lifting frame sheared, a steel line snapped and part of the 80 tonne frame smashed down on the hull.

Speaking after the accident, Prince Charles, President of the Mary Rose Trust, and a seasoned diver at the wreck spoke of his shock:

"I was slightly horrified but I thought the best thing to do was to be British and not panic."

Inspections showed the damage to be slight, but further mishaps meant the wreck was not safely installed onto its transport barge until 1500.

Margaret Rule, archaeological director of the privately-sponsored project said the raising of the "fascinating and rare Tudor artefact" was the culmination of a "dream that had gripped the imagination of the world".

The Mary Rose was rediscovered in 1966 by Alexander McKee, a historian and amateur diver.

Since then over 10,000 well-preserved items have been excavated including weapons, clothes and even a backgammon set.

In Context
Launched in 1510, the Mary Rose sank on its way to engage the French enemy fleet off Portsmouth Sound in 1545.
Most marine historians believe her sinking was simply the result of a handling error. At the time the French assumed it was their cannons. Between four and five hundred men perished.

She is unique as a transitional ship between mediaeval "floating castles" and Elizabeth I's navy galleons.

19th century Royal Engineers blew up part of the Mary Rose as a "hazard to shipping". In 1980 RE divers began helping to raise the wreck to "atone" for their predecessors' work.

The Mary Rose now forms part of a museum at Portsmouth Historic Dockyard.



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The collapse of the frame nearly scuppered the £4 million operation




Stories From 11 Oct
1976: China's 'Gang of Four' arrested
1974: Labour scrapes working majority
1982: Mary Rose rises after 437 years
1967: Harold Wilson wins Moving apology
1987: Search ends for Loch Ness monster

1521 - Pope Leo X conferred the title of "Defender of the Faith" on England's Henry VIII for his support of Catholic principles.

1899 - The start of the Boer War between the British Empire and the Republics of the Orange Free State and the Transvaal in southern Africa.

1919 - The first airline meals were served on a Handley-Page flight from London to Paris. They were pre-packed lunch boxes at 3 shillings each (15p).

1939 - Albert Einstein sent a letter to President Franklin D. Roosevelt, arguing the scientific feasibility of atomic weapons and urging the rapid development of a U.S. atomic program.

1958 - The lunar probe Pioneer 1 was launched, but it failed to go far enough and fell back to Earth, burning up in the atmosphere.

1968 – Apollo program: NASA launches Apollo 7, the first successful manned Apollo mission, with astronauts Wally Schirra, Donn F. Eisele and Walter Cunningham aboard.

1984 – Aboard the Space Shuttle Challenger, astronaut Kathryn D. Sullivan becomes the first American woman to perform a space walk.

1987 - A huge sonar exploration of Loch Ness failed to find the world famous monster, known affectionately as Nessie.

2000 – NASA launches STS-92, the 100th Space Shuttle mission, using Space Shuttle Discovery.

Births:

1937 – Sir Bobby Charlton, English footballer
1944 – Rodney Marsh, English Footballer
1957 – Dawn French, Welsh comedian,actress and screenwriter
1961 – Neil Buchanan, English television presenter
1962 – Joan Cusack, American actress and comedian
1965 – Luke Perry, American actor
1967 – Tony Chimel, American professional wrestling announcer
1967 – Tazz, American professional wrestler and commentator
1968 – Jane Krakowski, American actress
1969 – Stephen Moyer, British actor
1970 – Constance Zimmer, American actress (Dana Gordon from Entourage)
1973 – Steven Pressley, Scottish footballer
1973 – Mike Smith, American guitarist (Snot, Limp Bizkit)
1976 – Emily Deschanel, American actress
1979 – Gabe Saporta, Uruguayan-born American musician (Cobra Starship, Midtown)
1980 – Nyron Nosworthy, English footballer
1985 – Michelle Trachtenberg, American actress
1989 – Michelle Wie, American golfer

1492 – Christopher Columbus's expedition makes landfall in the Caribbean, specifically in The Bahamas. The explorer believes he has reached South Asia.

1810 – First Oktoberfest: The Bavarian royalty invites the citizens of Munich to join the celebration of the marriage of Crown Prince Ludwig of Bavaria to Princess Therese von Sachsen-Hildburghausen.

1823 - Scotsman Charles Macintosh began selling raincoats, they're now better known as Macs.

1901 - U.S. President Theodore Roosevelt renamed the Executive Mansion The White House.

1928 – An iron lung respirator is used for the first time at Children's Hospital, Boston

1933 - Alcatraz Island was made a federal maximum-security prison.

1964 – The Soviet Union launches the Voskhod 1 into Earth orbit as the first spacecraft with a multi-person crew and the first flight without space suits

1967 - Zoologist Desmond Morris stunned the world with his book The Naked Ape that compared human behaviour with animals.

1989 - The remains of Shakespeare's original Globe Theatre were found on London's Bankside.

1999 - The world population reached six billion, according to the United Nations.

2002 - A bomb destroyed a nightclub on the Indonesian island of Bali, killing 202 people, many of them foreign tourists. Islamic militants linked to al-Qaeda were blamed.

(11-10-2011 12:34 )skully Wrote: [ -> ]1964 – The Soviet Union launches the Voskhod 1 into Earth orbit as the first spacecraft with a multi-person crew and the first flight without space suits

1968 – Apollo program: NASA launches Apollo 7, the first successful manned Apollo mission, with astronauts Wally Schirra, Donn F. Eisele and Walter Cunningham aboard.

At the height of the Cold War, little was known in the West about the practical workings of Soviet spacecraft and the announcement that a three-man crew under the command of Vladimir Komarov had been sent aloft was another serious blow to American prestige. It was the first time more than one person had been sent up by either side.

But the reality was that the Voskhod was only a 2-man capsule with everything but the bare essentials stripped out so that a third person could be squashed in for propaganda purposes. There was no room for spacesuits, nor ejector seats nor the emergency escape system. The authorities limited the flight to just 24 hours due to the crew's discomfort (and as a historical footnote Khrushchev was deposed when they were in orbit) but the bottom line for the Soviets was that the crew were expendable.

The Americans didn't put three men into orbit until four years later and saw the worst space "mutiny" in the history of NASA. Apollo 7 was the first manned US flight for almost 2 years and the first since Gus Grissom's crew had been killed in the Apollo 1 disaster. Commander Wally Schirra was a veteran of Mercury and Gemini, the only man ever to fly on all three programmes and he was going to do things his way. There would be no short cuts and the views of the astronauts would be paramount. Schirra's mood was not improved when he caught a cold in space and refused to wear his spacesuit with the helmet closed due to the pressure on his sinuses. The other crew members caught the cold off him and the mood became decidely testy. He unilaterally cancelled a scheduled TV broadcast, rearranged the flight schedule and when Chief of the Astronaut office Deke Slayton tried to mediate the message he had to relay back to Flight Director Chris Kraft was that Kraft could "go to hell", guaranteeing Schirra a place in the history books as the only person ever to say that to the authoritarian Kraft.

Schirra had already announced that Apollo 7 would be his last flight so he had nothing to lose but Eisele and Cunningham were blacklisted and never flew again. Either because or despite of Schirra, the flight was technically perfect but the crew were passed over for the Congressional Medal of Honour, which went to every other crew in those days.

Over the passage of time, Kraft grudgingly came to acknowledge that Schirra's motives were in the best interests of the astronauts and the programme in general. He acknowledged this in his autobiography and sent a goodwill message to Schirra on his 80th birthday which was graciously acknowledged. On the 40th anniversary of the flight in 2008 Congress voted to award the Apollo 7 crew the Congressional Medal after all.

It was too late for Schirra, who had died the year before at the age of 84, but his bloody-mindedness played no small part in ensuring that America got to the moon and back safely when they did, but Voskhod's commander Komarov never got to see any of it. He was killed in 1967 when the parachutes failed on re-entry on his untried, untested and fault-ridden Soyuz 1 spacecraft and he hit the ground at 400mph.



Voskhod 1 - Feokistov; Komarov; Yegorov . . . . Apollo 7 - Eisele; Schirra; Cunningham